Two new academic studies have concluded that the working class bears most of the burden of increased immigration. The International Herald Tribune reports:
It's the working class that bears most of the cost of absorbing new immigrants, whether it be in France, the United States or Malaysia, but the middle class dominates the debate, forging an alliance in its favor across the political spectrum - liberals who want to be multicultural, and conservatives who argue for the free market and open borders.
These studies have confirmed what many of us have known for years, that the burden of immigration falls disproportionately on the working class. It always amuses me when middle class people condemn working class racism and say: "I don't understand racism," or "I have lots of friends from ethnic minorities," the sub-text being that the working class must all be hate filled savages who are unable to see beyond the colour of a person's skin.
This ignores the fact that most working class and middle class people have totally different experiences of living with immigrants. Typically, the middle class person will live in a larger house in a suburban street. There may be some people from ethic minorities living nearby - probably the local Sikh GP, a Hindu businessman, maybe an African lawyer too. These are all people who have succeeded in the system and have therefore, by definition, accepted many of the norms, values and behaviours of Western society. The middle classes also live in larger, detached houses, so even if the Indian GP lives next door, he and his family are secluded behind a privet hedge, so you can choose to visit them when you want to and ignore them when you want privacy.
Contrast this with the working class person living on a council estate. Firstly, the proportion of immigrants will be much greater. Social housing is where asylum seekers are placed, so as many as half the houses on the road may be occupied by immigrants. Many of these will be economic migrants from poorer areas and therefore less "westernised" than the neighbours of our middle-class anti-racists. They are often grouped together, so that in a particular area you get a bi-cultural society rather than a multi-cultural society. The immigrants in the middle class areas will probably be a more heterogeneous bunch, whereas a street in a working class area will often be home to a large immigrant community from the same country, or even the same town. For example, in towns such as Bradford and Keighley, the Muslim population came from a few backward, rural villages in Pakistan. Their culture is as impenetrable to many other Indians as it is to English people.
A large influx of refugees from a particular part of the world can bring rapid change to a housing estate. Suddenly, the street where you grew up looks totally different. Strangely dressed people gather in the street and unfamiliar sounds and smells are everywhere. This is a traumatic environmental change, producing the same sense of upheaval as building a flyover or a wind-farm right outside someone's house. Unlike his middle class counterpart, the working class man can't retreat into his castle. He has a much smaller house and it is joined to those of his neighbours. His kitchen window is probably only inches away from that of his neighbours, so the unfamiliar smells and noises creep into his house. For the working class, immigration is rubbed right into their faces whether they like it or not.
Even if the white working class estates do remain separate from those occupied by ethnic minorities, some middle class do-gooders will start preaching about the need to integrate, as they did after the recent riots in Oldham and Bradford. Well we all know who has to do the integrating don't we? Not the middle-class authors of the report but the working class again. So, in the interests of social engineering, schools and housing are to be integrated. Any sense of control and independence is thus wrenched away from the working class and their environment is changed yet again.
The Herald Tribune report agrees:
While the educated and much-traveled often revel in the surface manifestations of new music, cuisines, religious practices and lifestyles, it is the poorer members of the native working class who have to live and work alongside immigrants, without anyone even asking them if this was the way they would chose their country to change.
The report concludes that, given this background, what is surprising is not the level of racism but the level of tolerance shown by most working class people to their new immigrant neighbours.
Most of the native working class has come to terms with much of immigrant life. It accepts them in the workplace and in the unions and tolerates them most of the time in its pubs and at sporting events - which is more than most of the middle class has ever contributed to racial harmony.
However, they also warn that this achievement is precarious and that if the immigrant population increases and if certain immigrant groups become violently assertive, this tolerance will be stretched to breaking point.
The article concludes that the answer may be to liberalise immigration laws. The logic being that if people can come and go as they please, they are less likely to settle in the host country. I'm not so sure. Liberalisation sounds like a leap of faith to me and given the report's earlier warning, one that would be a big risk.
So far, working class people have accepted mass immigration with good grace, even though they have been forced to shoulder most of the burden. If the laws were liberalised, once again, the working class would be the main subjects of the experiment. This might be a step too far for most people. Even the remarkable tolerance of the British working class has its limits.












Most immigrants are also much more likely to be competing for working class jobs. We middle class only see the benefits of a growing labour force, not an increase in competition.
When immigrants are well educated (eg Doctors) we welcome them into sectors where there is a shortage of qualified workers.
No wonder the working classes see things differently.
Posted by: EU Serf | 05 April 2005 at 02:42 PM
Yes, you're right. I took the economic arguments as read when I wrote this but the working class, especially the uskilled, have the most to lose from an infux of cheap labour.
Posted by: Steve | 05 April 2005 at 04:46 PM
Yes, there is a double-whammy here. As new immigrants arrive there are some who are low skilled but cheap and compliant. There are others (especially from eastern Europe)who are motivated and skilled. All that they lack is social skills and the nuances of language. In parallel the education of the native underclass remains, for all sorts of reasons, dreadful, and many British born young people are disaffected and unemployable.
This is a potentially incendiary mixture. Repression will not provide an answer, so we will have to do something constructive, and quickly.
Posted by: bystander | 06 April 2005 at 08:22 PM
The above reminded me of a piece that appeared in The Tinbasher Blog, which discusses (amongst other things) how the popular perceptions of the middle classes have a negative impact on the business prospects of a respectable company (with a respectable blogger).
http://butlersheetmetal.com/tinbasherblog/index.php/archives/2005/03/08/live-at-the-witch-trials/
Posted by: William | 06 April 2005 at 10:51 PM
If you want a great policy for cutting back on economic migrants, the Tories have got a brilliant one. It's called mass unemployment.
With three million people jobless, a million more on 'early retirement' and working class wages ground into the dust it was obvious no-one wanted to come here.
As for migrants stealing jobs from poor white working class, that's swivel-eyed nonsense. How many young white people are willing to work for Burger King? None. The reason is because the pay and conditions are a lot worse than what they could get elsewhere (hasn't anyone noticed that umemployemnt is at 3%?). It's not that immigrants have driven down wages. We've just had the minimum wage. It's that white people's aspirations are a lot higher now.
As for housing, the problem is not that immigrants jump to the front of the queue for council houses, it's that house prices are too high for a lot of first time buyers. Again, the solution is obvious: mass unemployment would soon burst that bubble.
And before you ask, I live on a London council estate and I get on well with all my neighbours, and all the white people who want a job have got one and the only difference between the English whites and the Somali blacks and the Turkish Kurds is that the children of the Somalis and Kurds are better behaved and less likely vandalise stuff.
Posted by: Dander | 08 April 2005 at 09:59 AM
If you want a great policy for cutting back on economic migrants, the Tories have got a brilliant one. It's called mass unemployment.
With three million people jobless, a million more on 'early retirement' and working class wages ground into the dust it was obvious no-one wanted to come here.
As for migrants stealing jobs from poor white working class, that's swivel-eyed nonsense. How many young white people are willing to work for Burger King? None. The reason is because the pay and conditions are a lot worse than what they could get elsewhere (hasn't anyone noticed that umemployemnt is at 3%?). It's not that immigrants have driven down wages. We've just had the minimum wage. It's that white people's aspirations are a lot higher now.
As for housing, the problem is not that immigrants jump to the front of the queue for council houses, it's that house prices are too high for a lot of first time buyers. Again, the solution is obvious: mass unemployment would soon burst that bubble.
And before you ask, I live on a London council estate and I get on well with all my neighbours, and all the white people who want a job have got one and the only difference between the English whites and the Somali blacks and the Turkish Kurds is that the children of the Somalis and Kurds are better behaved and less likely vandalise stuff.
Posted by: Dander | 08 April 2005 at 09:59 AM
There is a rich irony in the immigration debate these days.
Left-wingers who defend uncontrolled immigration can sound like they're giving the keynote speech at the CBI conference, as they extol the benefits of economic growth that allegedly follow.
Right-wingers by contrast sound as if they're addressing the brothers at the TUC conference, as they miraculously unearth a previously-unknown concern for the pay and conditions of the working class.
Posted by: Joe 90 | 08 April 2005 at 04:28 PM
This is why EU membership is so important. Harmonised basic standards ensure that we are not in a 'race to the bottom' with our EU rivals in terms of pay and working conditions. If we were, then immigration WOULD result in a negative impact on the local working-class population. As it is, they benefit from the economic growth that a reasonably flexible migration pattern allows.
The people I feel sorry for are the people in the countries where we are recruiting our nurses from. They are suffering a brain-drain that impacts on their own health-services.
Posted by: Paul Evans | 13 June 2005 at 01:07 PM
Working class people are usually totally thick slobs who never bother with education and have only themselves to blame for their problems. They are dim, utterly dim and slobbish. I am tired of this stupid sympathy for the working class. Labouring class is more correct, because most so-called 'working class' people never use their brains and are totally hostile to any form of education.Give them pubs, inane drivel like 'Eastenders' or 'Coronation Street' and they are happy. Working class people are a waste of space.
Posted by: | 03 February 2006 at 12:28 AM
I am sorry. I posted the above comment about working class people and I must admit I feel somewhat guilty. I did it because I am so sick and tired of people being so hostile about the middle classes. Why is there all this ridiculous 'class warfare'? It is awful and unhelpful. I apologize for the comments I made in the previous posting.
Posted by: | 03 February 2006 at 12:40 AM
You think working class people are a waste of space? Historically, the middle classes could not have survived without them. Who else would they have to
a) fight their wars
b) work their land
c) look after their children
d) cook their food
c) build roads, bridges, railways, houses.
d) And do all this for criminally low wages?
Posted by: Cara | 04 April 2006 at 03:09 AM
Joe90, its only ironic if you have a fixed view of what it is to be 'left' or 'right'. I find these labels unhelpful - I prefer 'wrong' and 'right', it irrelevent which party is attaching itself to the issue, or attached itself to that issue in a former life in the distant past.
Posted by: HSBguzzler | 21 April 2006 at 12:12 PM
To the anonymous poster - most people, including you I suspect, who claim to be middle class are infact working class. Dont let material niceties fool you - if you need to work to survive then you are no different to any working class man. You dont need soot on your face to be working class.
Posted by: HSBguzzler | 21 April 2006 at 12:18 PM
HSBguzzler: It is ironic when people say different things, the implications of which are opposed to each other, or which go against their proven track record.
Posted by: Joe90 | 21 April 2006 at 12:58 PM
Sidenote: Interesting to see this thread revived from just over a year ago, and how Pub Philosopher has changed in that time.
Posted by: Joe90 | 21 April 2006 at 01:09 PM
Aye, I agree Joe - Sorry if it sounded like I was having a pop ( it wasnt intended)
Posted by: HSBguzzler | 21 April 2006 at 01:18 PM
No problem HSB.
Posted by: Joe90 | 21 April 2006 at 01:28 PM
How has it changed Joe?
I'm not having a pop either, I'm interested to hear your view.
Posted by: Steve | 21 April 2006 at 03:25 PM
Thanks Steve.
Any impression I have is probably an amalgram of both your opening posts and the readers' responses.
But my hunch is: less eclectic, more focussed, perhaps more purposeful, more clearly part of a distinguishable cluster of weblogs.
Posted by: Joe90 | 21 April 2006 at 09:56 PM
Hmmm. Maybe you're right. Time to broaden out a bit, perhaps.
Posted by: Steve | 21 April 2006 at 10:42 PM
Why is it that the answer to social problems caused by unrestricted and ill managed immigration always seems to be more immigration? Why is it that it is only white racism that is a problem and not for example Islamic racism, especially Islamic Jew hatred, or the clearly demonstrated racism that many Afro Carribbeans show for Asians and vice versa?
Posted by: Matt | 23 April 2006 at 07:26 PM